GrapeVarieties
WHITE GRAPE	ALIGOTE	BURGUNDY	Moldova, Bulgaria, Chile	Lemon; Can resemble Chardonnay	One of the ingredients in Soviet Sparkling wine
RED GRAPE	BARBERA	NORTHERN ITALY	Slovenia, Argentina, California's Central Valley,	High in acidity	Barbera and Sangiovese are Italy's most planted vines
BLACK GRAPE	CABERNET FRANC	LOIRE VALLEY	Northern Italy, South America, Northeast America	Fresh leaves, blackcurrant, raspberry	Parent of Cabernet Sauvignon	Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Merlot
RED GRAPE	CABERNET SAUVIGNON	BORDEAUX	Australia, California, Chile, Bulgaria	Strong, powerful and aggressive; Tannic; Blackcurrant, cedarwood, cigar box	A cross breed of Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc	Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot, Merlot
RED GRAPE	CARMENERE	MEDOC	Chile, Northern Italy, China	Blackberry, plum, spice; Deep colored, full bodied	Discovered in Chile in 1991. Thought to be Merlot in Chile, and Cabernet Franc in Northern Italy until 1998. Replantings are taking place in St-Emilion. Aka Grand Vidure	Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot,
WHITE GRAPE	CHARDONNAY	BURGUNDY	Champagne, Italy, Spain, California, Australia	Green apple, nutty, spicy, oak flavors, tropical fruit, tea. Can be lean or fat depending on use of oak	Aka - White Burgundy; Chablis.	Pinot Noir, Petit Meunier
RED GRAPE	GAMAY	BEAUJOLAIS	Switzerland	Ripe juicy fruit, light bodied quaffer	Aka - Red Beaujolais. Beaujolais Nouveau is authorized for immediate sale after fermentation, and should be consumed within a year after production
NOBLE WHITE GRAPE	GEWURZTRAMINER	ALTO ADIGE	Alsace, Austria	Spicy, perfumed, low acidity, higher alcohol levels than other white varieties, full bodied	Gewurz(spice), Traminer(Perfume/Aromatic)
RED GRAPE	GRENACHE	SPAIN	California, South Australia, South Africa, Southern Rhone	Raspberry,perfume, high in alcohol	One of the most widely planted grape variety	Syrah, Mourvedre, Cinsaut, Tempranillo
WHITE GRAPE	GRUNER VELTLINER	AUSTRIA	Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary	Dry, spicy, citrus, floral	Gruner Veltliner makes up over half of the white grape production in Austria. Aka - Veltlin Zelene, Veltlinske Zelene, Zoldveltelini, Rheinhessen
BLACK GRAPE	MALBEC	SOUTHWEST FRANCE	Cahors, Argentina, Chile, Loire, New Zealand, South Africa	Rustic, earthy, tobacco, tannic, high in alcohol, ripe and lush in South America	Aka - Auxerrois, Cot; Thrives in Mendoza	Cabernet, Gamay, Merlot, Petit Verdot
BLACK GRAPE	MERLOT	BORDEAUX	Chile, Argentina, Spain, Northern Italy, USA, South Africa, New Zealand	Good texture, low in tannin, juicy red fruit flavors	Good ageability, ripens earlier than Cabernet Sauvignon, sometimes sold as Carmenere	Carmenere, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot
BLACK GRAPE	MOURVEDRE	SPAIN	Southern France, Algeria, California, Australia	High in alcohol and tannins, intense black fruits	Aka - Mataro in the New World, ripens late	Syrah, Grenache, Cinsaut
BLACK GRAPE	NEBBIOLO	PIEDMONT	Australia, California, South Africa	Very tannic and acidic, complex, tar, ripens late	The name Nebbiolo is Italian for fog	Barbera
WHITE GRAPE	PINOT BLANC	BURGUNDY	Alsace, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovinia, Czech Republic	Apples, yeast, low in acidity, full bodied	Mutation of Pinot Noir, similar to Chardonnay
NOBLE WHITE GRAPE	PINOT GRIS	BURGUNDY	Alsace, Oregon, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Romania, Hungary, Russia	Perfumed, dry, rich, low acidity, pairs well with food	Mutation of Pinot Noir, Aka - Pinot Gris
BLACK GRAPE	PINOT MEUNIER	BURGUNDY	Champagne, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Yugoslavia	Fruity	Mutation of Pinot Noir; aka Millers grape in Germany; Red varietal wine in Australia	Chardonnay, Pinot Noir
RED GRAPE	PINOT NOIR	BURGUNDY	California, Oregon, New Zealand, Chile	Cherry, raspberry, strawberry, plum, chocolate, game, exotic and complex, low tannins	Demanding, prone to mutations, existed between 1st to 4th century AD	Chardonnay, Pinot Meunier
RED GRAPE	PRIMITIVO	SOUTHERN ITALY		Ripe and high in alcohol	Identical to Zinfandel
NOBLE WHITE GRAPE	RIESLING	GERMANY	Alsace, Austria, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, California, Northern Italy, Czech Republic	Apricot, peach, nectarine, green apples, lime, crisp acidity, luscious ripe fruit, slate, spice, mineral	Pronounced Reece-ling; Eiswein - grapes are picked and pressed while frozen; Hierarchy in order of sugar concentration or must weight: Kabinett (picked during normal harvest time), Spatlese (late picked), Auslese (selective bunches), Beerenauslese (selective berries), Trochenbeerenauslese (berries affected by TBA)
RED GRAPE	SANGIOVESE	TUSCANY	California, Australia, Argentina, Chile	Floral aromas, strawberry, blueberry, cinnamon, moderate to high acidity	Sangiovese (Blood of Jove); The most widely planted grape variety in Italy; Fine red wine - Brunello di Montalcino, Chianti, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Supertuscans	Cabernet Sauvignon
WHITE GRAPE	SAUVIGNON BLANC	BORDEAUX	New Zealand, USA, South Africa, Australia	Grass, haystraw, citrus, bell pepper, passionfruit, tangy, crisp mineral acidity, petroleum	"Love it or loathe it." Parent of Cabernet Sauvignon	Semillon
WHITE GRAPE	SEMILLON	BORDEAUX	Australia, New Zealand, California, Washington State, Chile	Waxy texture, low in acidity and flavor, grassy	Key ingredient in Sauternes - botrytized, popular blending grape	Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay
WHITE GRAPE	SEYVAL BLANC	FRENCH HYBRID	England; Canada; Eastern United States	Productive, ripens early, peach, pear, apricot, cinnamon, nutmeg	Outlawed by the EU because it contains non-vinifera genes, disease resistant
BLACK GRAPE	SHIRAZ	NORTHERN RHONE; PERSIA; SICILY	Australia, South Africa, California, Argentina, Chile	Intense - Spicy, fruity, tannic, dense, rich, good food wine	Same as Shiraz, but the Australian version is sweeter, riper, and exhibits chocolate flavors	Cabernet Sauvignon
BLACK GRAPE	SYRAH	NORTHERN RHONE; PERSIA; SICILY	Australia, South Africa, California, Argentina, Chile	Elegant - Spicy, fruity, tannic, herbal, smoky, good food wine	Same as Syrah, but the French version is elegant, and not as dense
RED GRAPE	TEMPRANILLO	SPAIN	Argentina, California, Oregon, Washington, Australia, Chile, South Africa	Fruity, strawberry, spice, tobacco, low in alcohol,	The Cabernet Sauvignon of Spain; Aka - Tinto <Madrid, de la Rioja, del Pais, de Toro>	Grenache, Carignan, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Port
WHITE GRAPE	TORRONTES	NORTHWEST SPAIN	Argentina	Green apple, kiwi, limestone, kerosene, high acidity, aromatic	Indigenous to Galicia
WHITE GRAPE	VIOGNIER	NORTHERN RHONE	California, Australia, Central Italy, Southern Rhone, Argentina, Chile, Switzerland, South Africa	Apricot, peach, perfumed, high in alcohol,	Prone to disease, difficult to vinify	Roussanne, Marsanne, Chardonnay
BLACK GRAPE	ZINFANDEL	HUNGARY	California, South Africa, Western Australia	Spicy, black pepper, cherry, raspberry	Zinfandel and Primitivo of southern Italy are Identical; Questionable origin - Possible route from Austria to Boston; Aka - White Zinfandel